Franklins Preface To Poor Rich Essay - 462 Words

In Benjamin Franklinamp;#8217;s preface to Poor Richard Improved, quot;The Way to Wealthquot;, Franklin offers many adages to help the reader conserve money. Many of these sayings are common even today. The title of this preface makes since because the title, quot;The Way to Wealthquot;, can be interpreted as The Road to Wealth. If the reader does as these adages tell them, he or she should be on their way to wealth. Franklin offers advice to just about anybody. Franklin believed that wealth was important because it led to both frugality and industry. Frugality and industry were listed as his fifth and sixth virtues. Franklin tells us that in order to be industrious, we must always be employed in something useful. His proverb,†¦show more content†¦Franklin tells us that in order to be frugal, we canamp;#8217;t waste anything. People who spend lavishly should listen to the maxim, quot;Silks and Satins, Scarlet and Velvets put out the Kitchen Firequot;. This saying reminds us that the nice, expensive things all work just as well as the generic ones. Another proverb that a person with no frugality should abide by is, quot;Women and Wine, Game and Deceit, Make the Wealth small, and the Wants great.quot; This is one I can definitely relate to. Women, wine, and playing around all do put a dent in your pocket book. quot;Early to Bed, and Early to rise, makes a Man healthy, wealthy, and wisequot;, is another I can relate to. This maxim is directed to all slothful people. My constant tardiness proves my laziness and my need to abide by this one. Another similar adage is, quot;Plough deep, While Sluggards sleep, and you should have Corn to sell and to keep.quot; Both of these maxims tell us that in order to get ahead, you canamp;#8217;t be lazy. Franklin believed that a person that listens to the sayings would avoid being poor. He wrote that poverty robs a person of their spirit and virtue. His proverb, quot;amp;#8216;Tis hard for an empty bag to stand uprightquot;, lets us know that it is hard to function with no spirit or virtues. I would suggest reading this preface to anyone who has problems with money. The sayings still hold true in todayamp;#8217;s society. ManyShow MoreRelatedFounding Brothers9626 Words   |  39 PagesPreface: The Generation Some people thought that American independence was Manifest Destiny, Tom Paine, for example, claimed that it was simply a matter of common sense that an island could not rule a continent. But for the most part, triumph of the American revolution was improbable, and therefore it is a remarkable event in history. 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Oedipus Tyrannus, A Tragic Hero. Summary . Context. Oedipus

Oedipus Tyrannus, a Tragic Hero Summary: Context Oedipus Tyrannus is a Greek tragedy that was first performed as a play in 429 BCE. The setting of the play is in Thebes, one of Greece’s city states that is suffering from a tragic plague. King Oedipus’s brother in-law; Creon, reports back from the oracle of Apollo that the plague would only be lifted if the murderer of his predecessor; King Laius, is found and brought to justice. Before the whole city of Thebes, Oedipus vows to apprehend and punish the murder of the late King Laius. To the audience’s dismay, yet unknown to Oedipus, he is the guilty culprit. Oedipus engages a seer named Teiresias to give him information on the death of King Laius. The old seer refuses but becomes resentful†¦show more content†¦Greek tragedies were often influential plays performed throughout Greek society since the late 6th century BCE and are still performed in the present twenty first century on stages all over the world. Early Greek tragedy plays were rarely open to w omen and the actors were all male, women were played my males wearing famine masks. The performances were in open –air theaters that had very good acoustics that echoed the actors’ voices, eventually megaphones were utilized to amplify the actors’ voices in some costumes. Greek tragedies were often linked to religious beliefs mainly inspired by Greek mythology. Acts of violence was not allowed and the death of characters could only be heard and not seen. Greek tragedies always begin in the middle of events. The audience learned the beginning of the play and the expectations for the future events during the play, this is called En Medias Res- Latin for â€Å"in the middle of things†. Actors would sometimes speak to the leader of the chorus. The chorus was normally a group of people who would sing and on some occasions dance. The purpose of the chorus is as follows: a) To give background information b) To advise the protagonist of the play c) To provide the common sense, or the voice of reason The exact origin of the Greek tragedy genre is not known, and is often debated amongst scholars. Some scholars ha e linked it to the earlier form of lyrical performances of poetry and others equate its arrival from rituals

Nursing Practice in Australia-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Disuss about the Mental Health Nursing Practice in Australia. Answer: Over the past two decades the mental health nursing practice in Australia have significantly changed in terms of delivering care for young people and to people from different cultures. The essay critically analyses the impact of the change in the care delivery process in the mental health nursing on the clinical and the psychosocial outcomes. The focus of the paper is on the mental health care delivery for people of different culture. The essay discusses the psychosocial outcomes of mental health nursing in this target group. Cultural diversity in Australia continues to increase growing population of refugees and migrants. Refugees and immigrants arrive in Australia for diverse purposes, which make the country a multi-cultural society. Most of them belong to Vietnam, China, India, New Zealand, UK and Italy (Kidd et al., 2015). The process of resettlement puts mental health of these people at risk. In Australia, the mental health disorders are highly prevalent among the culturally diverse community. This culturally diverse population was the core consideration of mental health policy making and the funding for the implementation of the policies. However, two decades ago the these policy statements were not translated into implementation objectives. There was lack of sufficient funding to support implementation. In addition, there was no reporting of the progress against policy developed for refugee and immigrant communities (Holland, 2017). According to De Crespigny et al. (2015), dealing with the culturally diverse people involves challenges due to language and cultural barriers for mental health nurses. Only few small-scale studies reported high prevalence of the mental health disorders in Indigenous, refugee, and immigrant communities. The findings were incomplete and contradictory. These communities were reported to underutilise the specialist private mental health services, primary care, psychiatric disability and rehabilitation support services. These scenarios have changed a lot with the introduction of policy making an inclusion of culturally diverse people in decision-making, introduction of medical interpreters who offer translating and interpreting services. In recent decade, Australia has made impressive start to measure routine outcome in mental health nursing (McMurray Clendon, 2015). Outcome measures mainly include cognition, emotion, functioning measures of quality of life. The clinical outcome mainly includes improvement in systematology and functioning of individuals instead of personal recovery. The social outcome indicators were identified as participation of young, older adults and working people from different cultures in mental health services and reduction in stigmatisation attitude (Thornicroft Slade, 2014). However, currently the immigrants and refugees adolescents who are mental health patients can access Refugee health network of Australia at two fold higher rate that in three decades ago. These networks provide professionals who are specialised in refugee health. Other organisations such as Mental Health in Multicultural Australia also offer translated sources, which is mainly accessed by the non-English speaking communities. It includes Pakistani, Mandarin, Cantonese and Arabic people (Minas et al., 2013). Several recent policies include clearer focus on utilisation of the mental health resources by the CALD communities in Australia. The mental health nursing practice has changed with the introduction of Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Special Interest Group (Morrison-Valfre, 2016). These programs aim to develop culturally competent mental health care services by introducing Transcultural nursing. These programs have increased the hos pitals admission rate for psychosis, dementia, Schizophrenia among the ethnic and minoritys community in Australia (mainly people from New Zealand, Australian Aboriginals and UK) (Stuart, 2014). As per the reports of 2010 based on the survey of mental health disorder among the immigrant and communities of culturally and linguistically diverse population, the prevalence of anxiety disorders, substance abuse disorders, psychosis, posttraumatic stress disorder have decreased by three times in the last two decades. The self-harm and the suicide behaviours profoundly seen in Aboriginal adolescents and asylum seekers have reduced but not remarkably in last two decades (Cleary et al., 2014). These reports showed greater participation of women than men, in services for anxiety disorders in Chinese community. The GP consultations among the refugees from Bangladesh, Vietnam, Pakistan, India and other refugee communities have improved in last two decades. There is an increase in mental health literacy among the Chinese community in last two decades living in Melbourne. A greater participation in psychotherapy sessions was found among the overseas students from New Zealand and India for general anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (Mace et al., 2014). According to the latest survey of mental health and well-being, there is increase in people from different culture reporting about fulfilment of the mental health care needs. Depressive symptoms were found to decrease in the Tamil asylum seekers. Burmese refugees showed greater access to treatment for post-traumatic stress treatment. In the last two decades, the Vietnamese refugees showed low presentations to mental heaths clinics. There is a negligible improvement in the self-harm behaviour and suicide risk rates among the young and elderly adults of Northern, western and Eastern Europeancommunities. A low suicide rate was found in immigrants from Sothern Europe, South-East Asia, and the Middle East in Australia (Lam et al., 2010). A greater percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders people particularly adolescents still represented in drug and alcohol abuse, psychosis, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and general anxiety disorder. The findings that are two decades old report lower utilisation of the mental health services (Truong et al., 2014). The policy of social inclusion allowed more mental health patients to participate in education and training programs, voice their feelings to influence decisions, deal with crisis and connect with family and friends (De Crespigny et al., 2015). However, these data does not indicate too much about improvement in the clinical and psychosocial outcomes of people from diverse cultural background. Based on the through literature search, it can be concluded that the there is an improvement in the clinical and psychological outcomes with changes in mental health nursing practice for people from different cultures. These outcomes were evident due to policy making with criteria of social inclusion, Transcultural nursing and accessibility of services such as medical interpreters and mental health services for refugees and advocacy organisations, Refugee health network of Australia. Thus, the improvement in the psychosocial outcomes such as optimism, social inclusion, development of positive identity, meaningfulness in life among the culturally diverse mental health people is still debatable. References Cleary, M., Jackson, D., Hungerford, C. L. (2014). Mental health nursing in Australia: resilience as a means of sustaining the specialty.Issues in mental health nursing,35(1), 33-40. De Crespigny, C., Grnkjr, M., Liu, D., Moss, J., Cairney, I., Procter, N., ... King, R. (2015). Service provider barriers to treatment and care for people with mental health and alcohol and other drug comorbidity in a metropolitan region of South Australia.Advances in Dual Diagnosis,8(3), 120-128. Holland, K. (2017).Cultural awareness in nursing and health care: an introductory text. CRC Press. Kidd, S., Kenny, A., McKinstry, C. (2015). The meaning of recovery in a regional mental health service: an action research study.Journal of advanced nursing,71(1), 181-192. Lam, A. Y., Jorm, A. F., Wong, D. F. (2010). Mental health first aid training for the Chinese community in Melbourne, Australia: effects on knowledge about and attitudes toward people with mental illness.International journal of mental health systems,4(1), 18. Mace, A. O., Mulheron, S., Jones, C., Cherian, S. (2014). Educational, developmental and psychological outcomes of resettled refugee children in Western Australia: a review of School of Special Educational Needs: Medical and Mental Health input.Journal of paediatrics and child health,50(12), 985-992. McMurray, A., Clendon, J. (2015).Community Health and Wellness-E-book: Primary Health Care in Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Minas, H., Kakuma, R., San Too, L., Vayani, H., Orapeleng, S., Prasad-Ildes, R., ... Oehm, D. (2013). Mental health research and evaluation in multicultural Australia: developing a culture of inclusion.International journal of mental health systems,7(1), 23. Morrison-Valfre, M. (2016).Foundations of Mental Health Care-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Stuart, G. W. (2014).Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Thornicroft, G., Slade, M. (2014). New trends in assessing the outcomes of mental health interventions.World Psychiatry,13(2), 118-124. Truong, M., Paradies, Y., Priest, N. (2014). Interventions to improve cultural competency in healthcare: a systematic review of reviews.BMC health services research,14(1), 99.

Johann Sebastian Bach Biography Essays - German Lutherans

Johann Sebastian Bach Biography Throughout the history of music, many great composers, theorists, and instrumentalists have left indelible marks and influences that people today look back on to admire and aspire to. No exception to this idiom is Johann Sebastian Bach, whose impact on music was unforgettable to say the least. People today look back to his writings and works to both learn and admire. He truly can be considered a music history great. Bach, who came from a family of over 53 musicians, was nothing short of a virtuosic instrumentalist as well as a masterful composer. Born in Eisenach, Germany, on March 21, 1685, he was the son of a masterful violinist, Johann Ambrosius Bach, who taught his son the basic skills for string playing. Along with this string playing, Bach began to play the organ which is the instrument he would later on be noted for in history. His instruction on the organ came from the player at Eisenach's most important church. He instructed the young boy rather rigorously until his skills surpassed anyone's expectations for someone of such a young age. Bach suffered early trauma when his parents died in 1695. He went to go live with his older brother, Johann Christoph, who also was a professional organist at Ohrdruf. He continued his younger brother's education on that instrument, as well as introducing him to the harpsichord. The rigorous training on these instruments combined with Bach's masterful skill paid off for him at an early age. After several years of studying with his older brother, he received a scholarship to study in Luneberg, Germany, which is located on the northern tip of the country. As a result, he left his brother's tutelage and went to go and study there. The teenage years brought Bach to several parts of Germany where he mainly worked as an organist in churches, since that was the skill he had perfected the best from his young training. However, a master of several instruments while still in his teens, Johann Sebastian first found employment at the age of 18 as a violinist in a court orchestra in Weimar. Although he did not remain there terribly long, he was able to make good money playing for the king. He soon after accepted a position as a church organist in Arnstadt. It was here that Bach would soon realize his high standards and regards that he had for music. In Arnstadt as well as in many other places that Bach worked he was notorious for getting into fights over the quality of music that was being produced. A perfect example of this can be seen in Arnstadt. Previous accounts of history claim that Bach was upset with the performance of the church choir for which he played for. He claimed that ?the voices could never make the mus ic soar to the sky as it should? (loosely translated). Here Bach realized the high level of music and perfectionism that he wanted. In 1707, at the age of 22, Bach moved on from Arnstadt to another organist job, this time at the St. Blasius Church in Muhlhausen. Once again he did not remain there too long, only a little over a year, when he moved again to Weimar where he accepted the position of head concertmaster and organist in the Ducal Chapel. It was here that Bach settled himself and began to compose the first collection of his finest early works which, included organ pieces and cantatas. By this time Bach had been married for several years. He actually became married to his cousin Maria Barbara. They, for the most part, had a happy marriage. He was happy. By this stage of his life he had ?composed? for himself a wonderful reputation of being a brilliant musical talent. Along with that his proficiency on the organ was unequaled in Europe by this time. In fact, he toured regularly as a solo virtuoso, and his growing mastery of compositional forms, like the fugue and the canon, were already attracting interest from the musical establishment, which, in his day, was the Lutheran church. The church began to look at Bach's writings and saw the opportunity to possibly use his music in their masses. Thus

Greek Mythology

Greek Mythology Greek Mythology Creon is one of the most famous figures in Greek mythology. His character is known as the leader of Thebes in the myth about Oedipus. In the legend, Creon has two children, Menoeceus and Haemon. During the story, reader understands that the main character and his sister Jocasta were offsprings of Sparta and Cadmus. Creons figure appeared in various stories, legends, and myths. Formerly, this character was created by Sophocles. After some time, Creon became the hero in Shakespeares and Fletchers play The Two Noble Kinsmen and in Chaucers story The Nights Tale. This figure was interpreted variously in different works. Truthfully, inspite of different interpretations of Creons figure, his character is known all over the world as Sophocles creature. Creon is the central hero in three of Sophocles Theban tragedies. He comes over a transformation during the line of the story. In Oedipus the King, Creon seems to be a completely rational man. In the play Antigone, Creon is shown as an absolute tyrant. His mind refuses to recognize the connection of the family love which ties Antigone to her brother Polyneices. The play Antigone tells the story of Antigone, the spawn of Oedipus. Nevertheless, Antigone is not the only character of concentration in this tragedy. Creon is also the central character of the play. He is the king of Thebes and Antigones uncle. As Creons character develops during the story, reader can understand that his actions are ruled by intrinsic individual traits. The first feature is an order requirement and the second one a sense of morality. With taking the throne, the main character becomes fixated on the states interests. When the military conflict arose, Creon was desperate to continue a sense of order in the kingdom. One reason for this is his wish to solidify his own rules. Therefore, obliged by his necessity of order, he decrees that no one may put in the ground or grieve the corpse of Polynices, Antigone's brother, who was considered a betrayer. By doing this, Creon hopes that he will repress feelings of arrogance in people who support Polynices. He says that there is no empty room for pride. Indeed, he lefts a tiny room for something that is able to worsen the stability of Thebes and is eager to convict his niece and potential fiancee to his child. The main Creons fear is his phobia of losing the order which, in turn, will weaken the rule and cause Thebes to move down into disorder and chaos. If closer analyze Creons character, it becomes obvious that, although he seems heartless, his dealings are moderately governed by the sense of morality. However, his desire to control everyone and everything induces him to kill everyone who defies his verdict. He cannot bring himself to put to death Antigone. So even the prisoner can notice this when she says, your moralizing repels me. At least, Creon overcomes his moral reasoning and denies from his punishment. The ruler travels at first to Polynices' rotting dead body and performs the appropriate cremation. Then, the kings sense of morality leads him to free Antigone although this appears to be too late. To my mind, Creon is one of that many people who only waste their lives fascinated by things they believe in and thus are incapable to recognize the anything that is contrary to their beliefs. Creon is like the person of a cave. He sees only his need for order and is blind to anything that can disagree with this. During the play, Creons character progresses obliged by the sense of morality, and he starts to change his beliefs. He tries to do his best to break the bonds he has completed for himself. Alas, his understanding comes too late; as a result, Creons dealings turn him back to the cave. In the play Oedipus, Creon has the highest position. Creons frugality, manipulations, and the same authority as Oedipus and Jocasta lead him to be victorious in his position and to be the viewer of the kings throne. Creon is shown to the reader as a wise person, who has his own opinion which is different from others. His belief is free from the influence of the society and people around him. Creon is a political figure who holds high regard for public order and leads the society to think in a different way. Creon is shown in the play in isolation with Thebes people. If to compare Creon to Oedipus, these two characters are completely different. This difference is quite observable. For example, when the main character brings news from the oracle, he wants to tell this secretly and privately to Oedipus. However, the second one would like better to hear the news in the presence of a lot of other ears. He wants to listen to it publically. Creon says that Oedipus is like a businessman who orientates on politics; because of this, he is a manipulation master. Reflecting on the equal event, the main character does not tell upon stable persistence from Oedipus with that of Jocasta. He brings onwards his estimation and motive against the ruler. He says that Oedipus and Jocasta rule together but without equivalent authority; in his opinion, Oedipus is only the ruler according to the name and title but no more. Later, his point of view is privileged when he is prepared to be exiled. The spectators then share kindness concerning him. After this, Creon becomes a sensible man with a powerful purpose of the public arrangement and impartial ruling. Creon is the only individual who wins the game. He was truly a person with a hidden agenda; thanks to his intelligence, he overcomes every challenge and gets the thing he wishes.

Bette Nesmith Graham, Inventor of Liquid Paper

Bette Nesmith Graham, Inventor of Liquid Paper Bette Nesmith Graham (March 23, 1924–May 12, 1980) was the inventor and businesswoman who made a fortune from her invention Liquid Paper, a product which along with its competitors such as Wite-Out, allowed secretaries to quickly correct typing mistakes. Fast Facts: Bette Nesmith Graham Known For: Invention of the correcting fluid known as Liquid PaperBorn: March 23, 1924 in Dallas TexasParents: Christine Duval and Jesse McMurrayDied: May 12, 1980 in Richardson, TexasEducation: Left San Antonios Alamo Heights School at 17Spouse(s): Warren Nesmith (m. 1941, div. 1946); Robert Graham (m. 1962, div. 1975)Children: Michael Nesmith (b. December 30, 1942) Early Life Bette Claire McMurray was born on March 23, 1924 in Dallas, Texas, the daughter of Christine Duval and Jesse McMurray. Her mother owned a knitting store and taught Bette how to paint; her father worked at an auto parts store. Bette attended the Alamo Heights School in San Antonio, Texas until she was 17, at which point she left school to marry her childhood sweetheart and soldier Warren Nesmith. Nesmith went off to World War II and while he was away, she had their only son, Michael Nesmith (later of The Monkees fame). They divorced in 1946. Divorced and with a small child to support, Bette took several odd jobs, eventually learning shorthand and typing. She found employment in 1951 as an executive secretary for the Texas Bank Trust in Dallas. A technological advancement in typewriters from fabric to carbon ribbons and a more sensitive keypad made errors more common and more difficult to correct: erasers that had worked before now smeared the carbon across the paper. Graham sought a better way to correct typing errors, and she remembered that artists painted over their mistakes on canvas, so why couldnt typists simply paint over their mistakes? The Invention of Liquid Paper Bette Nesmith put some tempera water-based paint, colored to match the stationery she used, into a bottle and took her watercolor brush to the office. She used this to surreptitiously correct her typing mistakes, which her boss never noticed. Soon another secretary saw the new invention and asked for some of the correcting fluid. Graham found a green bottle at home, wrote Mistake Out on a label, and gave it to her friend. Soon, all the secretaries in the building were asking for some, too. The Mistake Out Company She continued to refine her recipe in her kitchen laboratory, which was based on a formula for tempura paint she found at the local library, with assistance from a paint company employee and a chemistry teacher at a local school. In 1956, Bette Nesmith started the Mistake Out Company: her son Michael and his friends filled bottles for her customers. Nevertheless, she made little money despite working nights and weekends to fill orders. Bette Nesmith left her typing job at the bank in 1958 when Mistake Out finally began to succeed: her product was featured in office supply magazines, she had a meeting with IBM, and General Electric placed an order for 500 bottles. Although some stories say she was fired from the bank for signing her name with the Mistake Out Company, her own Gihon Foundation biography reports she simply started working part-time then left as the company succeeded. She became a full-time small business owner, applied for a patent, and changed the name to the Liquid Paper Company. Liquid Papers Success She now had time to devote to selling Liquid Paper, and business boomed. At each step along the way, she expanded the business, moving her production out of her kitchen into her backyard, then into a four-room house. In 1962, she married Robert Graham, a frozen-food salesman who then took an increasingly active role in the organization. By 1967, Liquid Paper had grown into a million-dollar business. In 1968, she moved into her own plant and corporate headquarters in Dallas with automated operations and 19 employees. That year, Bette Nesmith Graham sold one million bottles. In 1975, Liquid Paper moved into a 35,000-square-foot international headquarters building in Dallas. The plant had equipment that could produce 500 bottles a minute. That same year, she divorced Robert Graham. In 1976, the Liquid Paper Corporation turned out 25 million bottles, while the company spent $1 million a year on advertising alone.  She had the lions share of a multi-million dollar industry and Bette, now a wealthy woman, established two charitable foundations, the Gihon Foundation in 1976, to collect paintings and other artworks by women, and the Bette Clair McMurray Foundation to support women in need, in 1978. But when she stepped down as chairperson, her ex-husband Robert Graham took over and she found herself on the losing end of a power struggle. She was barred from making corporate decisions, lost access to the premises, and the company changed her formula so she would lose royalties. Death and Legacy Despite increasing health issues, Bette Graham managed to wrest back control of the company and in 1979, Liquid Paper was sold to Gillette for $47.5 million and Bettes royalty rights were restored. Bette Nesmith Graham believed money to be a tool, not a solution to a problem. Her two foundations supported several ways to help women find new ways to earn a living, especially unwed mothers. That included giving shelter and counseling for battered women and college scholarships for mature women. Graham died on May 12, 1980, six months after selling her company. At the time of her death, Bette Graham was planning a building to house the foundations and the art collection including works by Georgia OKeeffe, Mary Cassatt, Helen Frankenthaler, and many other lesser-known artists. She described herself as a feminist who wants freedom for myself and everybody else. Surviving the Paperless Office   In March 2019, Atlantic staff writer David Graham noted that Wite-Out, a competitor to Liquid Paper that was made specifically so the error wouldnt show up when photocopied, is still doing a fairly robust sales business, despite the near disappearance of paper from the modern office. Grahams readers replied with a slew of (non-sinister) uses when computer-generated printing isnt involved: correcting posters, forms, crossword puzzles or Sudoku, file folder tabs, and calendars. One reader pointed out it was more green to fix a printed page than to print it again. But correction fluid is also being used in a wide variety of emergency and temporary fixes for white clothing and nicks in white walls or appliances or floor tiles or French manicures. Its also employed as a functional fluid in arts and crafts from blacksmithing to jewelry to  modeling kits. Liquid Paper numbers werent available to Graham, but most of those uses could apply to it as well.   Sources Baker Jones, Nancy. Graham, Bette Clair McMurray. The Handbook of Texas. Dallas: The Texas State Historical Association, June 15, 2010.Biographical Sketch of Bette Graham. Gihon Foundation.Chow, Andrew R. Overlooked No More: Bette Nesmith Graham, Who Invented Liquid Paper. The New York Times, July 11, 2018.Graham, David A. Who Still Buys Wite-Out, and Why? The Atlantic, March 19, 2019.  Nesmith, Michael. Infinite Tuesday: An Autobiographical Riff. New York: Crown Archetype, 2017.

The Disparity Rate between Women Committing and Incarcerated for Essay

The Disparity Rate between Women Committing and Incarcerated for Crimes in America vs Men Committing Crimes - Essay Example In order to do this, I will discuss the influence of traditional gender stereotypes and the false impression of equality to provide support for the argument that women are indeed mistreated in the workplace; and the stories and characteristics of women who become successful in the corporate world, and the true origin of the glass ceiling, if gender-based or policy-initiated, to substantiate the claim that the glass ceiling has been broken and that women are actually treated well and respected in the corporate world. II. The Glass Ceiling: Women are mistreated in the Workplace Traditional gender stereotypes have historically positioned women in a child-rearing, nurturing, passive and subservient role whereas men are perceived as the governing, more forceful gender. Self-assured and aggressive behaviors of the males are regarded as more important due to its attributes of objectivity, lack of prejudice, and focus toward analytical work or problem solving. Traditional views of males indi cate they are more appropriate to managerial and executive positions than females due to their leadership orientation. Men seem to be more commanding or domineering whereas women go for a more involved and compassionate approach. Further traditional or stereotypical perspectives on the variation men and women are seen from a psychoanalytical point of view in a current commentary in the American Psychologist by the well-known Harry Levinson. As Levinson states, the male focus and orientation is characterized as incursion and drive against the female orientation of participation and environment. The entire psychology of management is all about self-assured approach and power; either to be on the top or on the bottom, defenseless, reliant and exploited (Coyne et al., 2004). Gender discrimination frequently prohibits women from management and executive positions. Gender stereotypes advocate males are mentally or intellectually better than women, are more psychologically stable, and are more focused on achievement and more aggressive than women. Effective and successful managers and executives are believed to have masculine features and attributes. Stereotypical belief and philosophy in organizations not merely affects the staffing and hiring of women to certain positions, it as well influences career growth and development and performance assessment. Societal standards and thoughts with respect to women often restrain women from being selected for managerial and executive positions in the business world. Terborg (1977) claimed the presence of a male managerial paradigm which states that women must not or cannot be effective managers or executives, which then preserves societal standards. Moreover, Terborg (1977) observed women often are disheartened or strained by occupational therapists and family members not to pursue nonconventional jobs, such as managerial positions. Goodale & Hall (1976) discovered students of high school of both genders who had comparable go als for college and career preference were not supported evenly by their families. Male students revealed their parents showed substantially more pressure and attention to their career aspirations than did the female students’ parents. Women who were rejected admission into medical colleges obtained