The Soviet Model Of Industrialization - 885 Words

The years of 1953 to 1957 marked a period of experimentation within the domestic Chinese economy. Following the successful redistribution of land between 1949 to 1952, the Chinese government created the ambitious First Five Year Plan (FFYP), aimed towards the fast industrialisation of heavy and light industry. The Plan followed closely the Soviet model of industrialisation, translating it into the Chinese context, and having the advantage of hindsight and experience to avoid some of the â€Å"grosser Soviet mistakes† (Central Intelligence Agency, pp 2). China had long been an agrarian country, with agricultural output accounting for about half of the countries total GNP. There existed a strong reliance on agricultural production as a foundational support for the economy (Uhally 1988, pp82-83). It was as a result that the plan was contingent on the centralised procurement and distribution of agricultural output, chiefly grains, to finance investment in the production of capital goods. Within the plan, the proportion of the state budget devoted to agriculture was set at a low 6.2 percent. Yet the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) nursed some grandiose ambitions for agricultural production and socialisation. In doing so, they would have to first solve the contradictions that were evident in the ownership of land by peasants after the redistribution. Under a fully socialist state, such a system of private enterprise was not feasible, as mentioned in the First Five Year Plan: â€Å"To buildShow MoreRelatedCollectivization Of The Soviet Union1469 Words   |  6 Pagesled up to and during the time of the Eastern Bloc can teach people many things in regard to all aspects of life. The Soviet Union was established in 1918 under a Communist regime, which replaced the old monarchy ruled by the Czar. However soon after 1918 a massive forced development of the Soviet Union and all their republics began. During this period of development, the Soviet Union carried out the policy of collectivization. Collectivization was the seizure of private land, objects and other thingsRead MoreUrban Segregation And Its Effects On Residential Preferences Shaped By Liberal Market Forces And National Identity890 Words   |  4 Pagessegregation patterns† (Leetmaa) among ethnic groups in post-communist Tartu, Estonia within the context of immigration policies implemented during the Soviet communist era. Using two dimensions – â€Å"preferences and segregation –ethnicity and neighbor affluence† (Leetmaa ,163), the study explores the possible causes of residential segregation in post-Soviet Tartu and its effects on residential preferences shaped by liberal m arket forces and national identity. The research is presented through an urbanRead MoreHow accurate is it to say that Mao Zedong’s agricultural policies from 1949 were the most important reason for the famine of 1959–62?1287 Words   |  6 Pagescreate a massive socialist industrial government inspired by the Soviet Union. This idea introduced a model, which prioritize industrialization known as the â€Å"Big Push Model†. China started prioritizing investments into the heavy industry, which would reshape the Chinese economy and create a Command economy. Mao’s economic policies seemed be working in the earlier years of its development, but Mao soon became obsessed with Industrialization (and putting less priority on agriculture) and competing withRead MoreCommunism in the Soviet Union and Why It Failed1561 Words   |  7 PagesCommunism in the Soviet Union and Why it Failed Communism is defined as a system of political and economic organization in which property is owned by the community and all citizens share in the enjoyment of the common wealth, more or less according to their need. In 1917 the rise of power in the Marxist-inspired Bolsheviks in Russia along with the consolidation of power by Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin, the word communism came to mean a totalitarian system controlled by a single politicalRead More Communism In The Soviet Union And Why It Failed Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pages Communism in the Soviet Union and Why it Failed Communism is defined as quot;a system of political and economic organization in which property is owned by the community and all citizens share in the enjoyment of the common wealth, more or less according to their need.quot; In 1917 the rise of power in the Marxist-inspired Bolsheviks in Russia along with the consolidation of power by Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin, the word communism came to mean a totalitarian system controlled by a singleRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Economic Policies of Stalin and Mao.941 Words   |  4 Pageseconomically, politically and socially. Mao can be seen to have adopted the policies of Stalin, both inspired by the Marxist ideologies of Lenin. Both Stalin and Mao recognized the economic backwardness of their respective countries and wanted to use industrialization and collectivisation as the primary means of increasing their economies. Although the original plans were very similar, the actual undertaking of the plans in addition to the results and how it helped consolidate both leaders may slightly varyRead MoreStructure Of The Paper : The Article Is Presented Using The Journal Style Scientific Paper Format989 Words   |  4 Pagessegregation in post-Soviet cities’ within the context of Soviet immigration policies. The purpose of the study â€Å"explores how inherited segregation patterns have evolved in the city of Ta rtu, Estonia† (Leetmaa ,162) in the post-Soviet period marked by Estonian statehood and a free-market economy. The historical material is divided into four sections: 1) Soviet Era Migration – Introduces the Soviet socialist political and economic migration policies that were intertwined with the â€Å"industrialization and urbanizationRead MoreThe Cold War And The International Political Economy1076 Words   |  5 Pagesup until the 1960s, the international political economy was stable, at least for the most part. It was during this time that the United States was still asserting itself as a global hegemony. The tense relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union left communist governments out of the liberal economic sphere of influence. The article goes on to talk about how the United States emerged as a global power shortly following the end of World War II, and highlights the imperialist policiesRead MoreInside a Totalitarian Regime: Key features of Stalinism Essay1652 Words   |  7 PagesStalinism, thus differentiating Stalin’s policy from Lenin’s and Marx’s theory? Was Stalinism a logical outcome of the Marxist theory or a betrayal of communism? In this perspective, one must analyze Stalin’s key policies, collectivization, industrialization and Cultural Revolution in comparison with Marxism and Leninism and within the framework of Communism in one country. Indeed, unlike Lenin who envisioned to spread the Socialist Revolution worldwide, Stalin believed that in its primary statesRead MoreThe And Institutions : The Key Of Development1311 Words   |  6 Pagescomplex nature of large groups of people were not compatible with the kinship model. The formation of a state emerged gradually. Instead of a completely egalitarian system, a centralized government emerged along with a rule of law, social stratification, a division of labor, and the provision of public goods. The success of the modern state is still evident, as many developed countries in place today follow a similar model. Statehood and the institutions established within them provide a stepping

Essay on Examination of Salman Rushdies The Courter.

POP-CULTURE REFERENCES IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE Salman Rushdies The Courter. is an example of a story that uses popular culture references to address the events and the feelings of characters of a particular time. In The Courter Rushdie uses references of culture from the early 1960s, such as pop-songs, television shows, and movies, that help readers understand and relate to the characters of his story. These references are also of a historical orientation and help direct the time frame of the story. The style that Rushdie uses for each reference help give The Courter its own individuality and clarify the true essence of the time. Of all the references in The Courter most of them have to do with music. Music is used†¦show more content†¦The importance of movie references in The Courter isnt as great as the magnitude of the music references but is used to intensify the emotions that were present in the story. Or was it that her heart, roped by two different loves, was being pulled both East and West, whinnying and re aring, like those movie horses being yanked this way by Clark Gable and that way by Montgomery Clift, and she knew that to live she would have to choose? The way that Rushdie expresses the emotional distress present in Certainly- Mary with The Misfits scenario expresses the truths behind the emotion. These references help the characters become more humanistic and allow specific emotions to become associated with them. Television shows and references help explain the time set that the story was placed in. The aspect of the television characters as well as the idea of the television, show the tremendous impact that television had on society in the sixties and the amount of excitement that surrounded it. The reason television was so important was because the majority of the population had a television set and it allowed people to relate with the characters portrayed onscreen, as well as with each other by watching the programs. Once giggling, Mary confided to Mixed-up that Fred and Wilma reminded her of her Sahib and Begum Sahiba upstairs; at which the courter, matching her audaciousness, pointed first at Certainly-Mary and then at himself,

Hannin Free Essays

Governmental and Nonprofit Accounting Nicole Tanner March 2, 2012 1-2. Five environmental differences between governments and for-profit business enterprises. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Hannin or any similar topic only for you Order Now Organizational purposes – Commercial is to generate profit for its owners and government is for the well being of citizens. 2. Sources of Revenue – Business generate its income from sales. Government derives its income from taxes. 3. Potential for Longevity – Government rarely go out of business and Business longevity is determine by the need and success. 4. Relationship with Stakeholders – The government must show accountability for public funds and a business can use its resources as it deems appropriate. 5. Role of the Budget – Commercial it’s used for planning and control purposes, for government budgets carry the authority of law, preventing 1-3. Identify and briefly describe the three organizations that set standards for state and local governments, the federal government, and nongovernmental not-for-profit organizations. 1. GASB set the accounting and financial reporting standards for state and local government in the US. GASB also set accounting and financial reporting standards for governmentally related not for profit organizations. 2. FASB set standards for profit seeking business and for nongovernmental not for profit organizations. 3. FASAB set the accounting and financial for the federal government. 1-4. What is the definition of a government as agreed upon by the FASB and GASB? Public corporations and bodies corporate and politic are governmental organizations. Other organizations are governmental organizations if they have one or more of the following characteristics. . Popular election of officers or appointment (or approval) of a controlling majority of the members of the organization’s governing body by officials of one or more state or local governments. 2. The potential for unilateral dissolution by a government with the net assets reverting to a government. 3. The power to enact and enforce a tax levy. 1-5. Describe the â€Å"hierarchy of GAAP† for state and local governme nts, the federal government, and nongovernmental not-for-profit organizations. (See Illustration 1-2 come back to this) 1-8. GASB considers budgetary accounting and reporting to be important. List the principles outlined by GASB related to budgetary accounting and reporting. 1. An annual budget(s) should be adopted by every governmental unit. 2. The accounting system should provide the basis for appropriate budgetary control. 3. Comparisons should be included in the appropriate financial statements and schedules for governmental funds for which an annual budget has been adopted. 2-2. With regard to GASB rules for the financial reporting entity, answer the following: 1. Define the financial reporting entity. It is the primary government together with its component units. 2. Define and give an example of a primary government. Can be a state government, a general-purpose local government such as a city or county, or a special purpose government such as a school district. 3. Define and give an example of a component unit. Are legally separate organizations for which the elected officials of the primary government are financially accountable. 4. Define and describe the two methods of reporting the primary government and component units in the financial reporting entity. a. Primary Government -either appoints a voting majority of the governing body of the other organization or members of the primary government’s governing body hold a majority of the seats of the other organization’s board. Second, the relationship meets one of the following two criteria: a. The other organization provides either a financial burden or benefit to the primary government. b. The primary government can impose its will on the other organization. b. Component units – are legally separate organizations for which the elected officials of the primary government are financially accountable. In addition, a component unit can be an organization for which the nature and significance of its relationship with a primary government are such that exclusion would cause the reporting entity’s financial statements to be misleading or incomplete. 2-3. With regard to the Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR): 1. What are the three major sections? Introductory, Financial, and Statistical. 2. List the government-wide statements. Indicate the measurement focus and basis of accounting used for the government-wide statements. Basic Financial Statements Proprietary Funds Statements: Statement of Cash Flows. Governments use the accrual basis and the modified accrual basis of accounting. 3. List the governmental fund statements. i. General fund. This fund is used to account for general operations and activities not requiring the use of other funds. ii. Special revenue funds are required to account for the use of revenue earmarked by law for a particular purpose. State and federal fuel tax revenues require special revenue funds, because federal and state laws restrict these taxes to transportation uses. iii. Capital projects funds are used to account for the construction or acquisition of fixed assets[9], such as buildings, equipment and roads. Depending on its use, a fixed asset may instead be financed by a special revenue fund or a proprietary fund. iv. Debt service funds are used to account for money that will be used to pay the interest and principal of long-term debts. Bonds used by a government to finance major construction projects, to be paid by tax levies over a period of years, require a debt service fund to account for their repayment. v. Special assessment funds account for public infrastructure improvements financed by special levies against property holders. Sidewalk and alley repairs often rely on special assessments. 4. Indicate the measurement focus and basis of accounting used for the governmental fund statements. It usually rely on a modified accrual basis. 5. List the proprietary fund statements. vi. Internal service funds are used for operations serving other funds or departments within a government on a cost-reimbursement basis. A printing shop, which takes orders for booklets and forms from other offices and is reimbursed for the cost of each order, would be a suitable application for an internal service fund. vii. Enterprise funds are used for services provided to the public on a user charge basis, similar to the operation of a commercial enterprise. Water and sewage utilities are common examples of government enterprises. 5. Indicate the measurement focus and basis of accounting used for the proprietary fund statements. i. Proprietary funds, used for business-like activities, usually operate on an accrual basis. Governmental accountants sometimes refer to the accrual basis as â€Å"full accrual† to distinguish it from modified accrual basis accounting. 6. List the fiduciary fund statements. Statement of Changes in Fiduciary Net Assets and Statement of Changes in Fiduciary Net Assets. 7. Describe the measurement focus and basis of accounting used for the fiduciary fund statements. The accounting basis applied to fiduciary funds depends upon the needs of a specific fund. If the trust involves a business-like operation, accrual basis accounting would be appropriate to show the fund’s profitability. Accrual basis is also appropriate for trust funds using interest and dividends from invested principle amounts to pay for supported programs, because the profitability of those investments would be important. 8. Outline the reports and schedules to be reported as required supplementary information. Come Back To 2-4. Describe the test for determining whether a governmental fund is a major fund. The General Fund is always considered a major fund. Other governmental funds are considered major when both of the following conditions exist: (a) total assets, liabilities, revenues, or expenditures of that individual governmental fund constitute 10 percent of the total for the governmental funds category, and (b) total assets, liabilities, revenues, or expenditures of that individual governmental or enterprise fund are 5 percent of the total of the governmental and enterprise categories, combined. 2-10. Not sure How to cite Hannin, Essay examples

Introduction to Management Australian Biotechnology Company

Question: Describe about Introduction to Management for Australian Biotechnology Company. Answer: Introduction CSL Limited, an Australian biotechnology company meant to develop and deliver innovative biotherapies to save lives (Csl.com.au, 2016). The products such as blood plasma, serum, vaccine, anti-venom and other medical products help in treating or preventing serious human medical conditions (Csl.com.au, 2016). Macquarie Group Limited is global investment banking, funds management and has other financial services group in Australia. It is one of the largest investment banks and offers high profit margins to its shareholders (Macquarie.com, 2016). The SMART goal framed for both the organization is to increase customer base by 15% through efficient products and services within a year (O'Neill, 2011). Organizational Mission CSL operates in over 30 countries with over 16,000 employees (Csl.com.au, 2016). CSL is committed to save and improve the lives of people with rare and serious conditions. The organization serves the core purpose of investing in Research development is constant since years as it aims to identify, develop and commercialize new bio therapeutic products (Csl.com.au, 2016). In contrast, Macquarie commits itself in providing long-term profitability and creating sustainable value for its shareholders. The organization has over 14,000 employees in 28 countries (Macquarie.com, 2016). The company aims to meet its stakeholders expectations while pursuing opportunities and maintaining a strong risk management framework (Macquarie.com, 2016). It is interpreted that both the organizations focus on the sustainability and securing the customers as they are the most critical part of any organization (O'Neill, 2011). Values of the Organization There are thousands of employees working across the globe and the organization believes in a set of values for working across the organization (Csl.com.au, 2016). The set of values also help the organizations and its diverse business areas in making decisions. The set of values were set out as common values in the year 2002 for the diverse business units (Csl.com.au, 2016). Firstly, they have customer focus as the company is passionate about meeting the needs of its customers. Customers are the central focus of any organization. Secondly, the company focuses on innovation and they continuously believe in striving to find new way of doing things. Thirdly, they believe in integrity and run ethical practices in their organization. Fourthly, CSL believe in collaboration and works together as a team to achieve better results. Lastly, CSL believes in superior performance and strives to be the best at what they do (Csl.com.au, 2016). The values of the organization help in attaining the Achi evable or Attainable aspect of the determined SMART goal. The goal of increasing customer base can be achieved using these values of the organization (O'Neill, 2011). Macquarie is a global provider of financial services with thousands of employees across the world (Macquarie.com.au, 2016). In contrast with CSL, the quest for improvement of Macquarie is never ending. CSL focused on five principles while Macquaries organizational culture rests upon six principles (Macquarie.com.au, 2016). The values of Macquarie are integrity, client commitment, fulfilment of the people, delivering highest standards, teamwork and strive for profitability (Macquarie.com.au, 2016). These values are considered critical for growth and prosperity. The values such as teamwork, integrity, client commitment, and delivering highest standards are similar to CSL. Additionally, Macquarie focuses on greater profitability and fulfilment of its people as it is values (Macquarie.com.au, 2016). The organization can attain its SMART goals of expanding customer base by focusing on the organizational values (O'Neill, 2011). Corporate Social Responsibility/ Sustainability CSL commits itself for providing best practices and is governed by a global Steering Committee. The primary purpose of the Steering Committee is to drive awareness and make continuous improvements for aligning with the organizational goals and operational priorities. CSL makes significant investment in the functional areas such as Research Development (Csl.com.au, 2014). The RD process helps in expanding product and service portfolio that can significantly increase customer base. The organization also maintains safety and quality of the therapies (Csl.com.au, 2014). Since the main purpose of the organization is to serve its customers, maintaining quality helps in retaining existing and attracts potential customers (Csl.com.au, 2014). CSL puts emphasis on operating responsibly as it provides direct values to the employees. It also provides a positive work environment for the employees to work in. This is a core sustainability strategy followed by the company (Csl.com.au, 2014). It ma intains diversity and balance in the workforce for achieving goals of zero fatalities, zero fines and zero safety violations (Csl.com.au, 2014). CSL also contributes US$32.8 million for supporting communities across the world (Csl.com.au, 2014). The company has donated emergency products to Red Cross agencies for relief support. Additionally, the company minimizes its environmental impact by reducing energy consumption, greenhouse gas emission, water consumption, waste generation and enhancing environmental sustainability (Csl.com.au, 2014). Similar to CSL, Macquarie puts significant efforts for environmental, social and economic responsibility as a part of corporate social responsibility. It follows the approach for managing environmental and social risk by complying with the International Finance Corporation Performance Standards (Macquarie.com, 2016). For its employees, Macquarie makes full use of the opportunities for the clients, shareholder and the people. The company operates globally and has a dynamic workforce which is fundamental to their success (Macquarie.com, 2016). The organization focuses on attracting, developing, engaging and retaining talented individuals. They also provide employees with the opportunities with career development and provides safe and healthy environment for them to work (Macquarie.com, 2016). The company promotes sustainable investments across the globe. Not only for the employees, Macquarie focuses on environmental impacts just like CSL. They seek to manage waste, maintain carbon neut rality, improves supply chain practices, water management and reducing energy consumption across global operations (Macquarie.com, 2016). These factors contribute in achieving SMART goals as these efforts leave a positive footprint in the minds of customers. The efforts enhance reputation and credibility that helps the customers and investors in having a positive mindset (Hunnicutt, 2012). Stakeholders Stakeholders are the people or bodies who are affected by the organization actions, policies or objectives (Louche and Hebb, 2014). Every organization comprises of internal and external stakeholders (Husted and Allen, 2011). For CSL, the stakeholders are given as follows: Employees- The employees are an integral part of CSL as they have taken the organization to this level. Their research and efforts are making the organization prosper and address the needs of the customers (Csl.com.au, 2014). Customers- The central focus of any business is its customers. They need to be confident that the products and supplies by CSL is done with highest integrity at all time. Both donors and patients are its customers and are taken care of by the company (Csl.com.au, 2014). Suppliers- The suppliers of the organization are the blood donors and plasma donors. It is necessary for the organization to ensure health and safety of the donors and their blood and plasma. CSL needs to ensure that the donation made by them is safe both for the organization as well as the donors well being (Csl.com.au, 2014). Distributors- The Company has distribution centres through which it distributes collected plasma. They also distribute in-licensed vaccine that is critical as the distribution needs to be pure and safe (Csl.com.au, 2014). License Partners- The biotherapies and market vaccines require licenses before it is sold in the market. The license partners are affected by the operations of the business and affect the operations of organization (Csl.com.au, 2014). Similarly, Macquarie has certain stakeholders who are affected by its operations and objectives given as follows: Shareholders and Investors- The shareholders are the customers of the company and Macquarie keeps open lines of communication with them. They ensure maximum engagement through domestic and international seminars, conference and roadshows (Static.macquarie.com, 2016). Macquarie provides a direct avenue for maximum engagement and providing access to information (Static.macquarie.com, 2016). Employees- In contrast with CSL, Macquarie also engages with its employees and values their feedback. The employees are regularly encouraged and motivated through annual performance appraisal. The organization runs a holistic staff wellbeing program, Macquarie Plus that provides non-financial benefits to its employees and helps in psychological development (Static.macquarie.com, 2016). Government and Regulators- Macquarie makes direct submission through various government review bodies, regulatory agencies, public officials and officers. The company supports vibrant democracies and contributes its services on policy related matters (Static.macquarie.com, 2016). Community- The Macquarie Group Foundation is responsible for providing financial and pro bono support to programs and community organizations. Just like CSL, the Foundation provides financial support to charities across the world. The company encourages innovative thinking. A dedicates space called Bulb is used for social innovation (Static.macquarie.com, 2016). Not just this, Macquarie also funds the cancer patients from curling treatment. They also support students in Hong Kong through skills sharing (Macquarie.com, 2016). Suppliers- The company has a dedicated vendor management office to deliver the programme and improving insight of strategic suppliers. There company tracks contract performance, delivers value, develops new ideas and conducts supplier meetings (Static.macquarie.com, 2016). Both the organizations, CSL and Macquarie consider stakeholder engagement as a foundation of corporate responsibility. The stakeholders for both companies cover several activities (Das Gupta, 2013). The organizations actively collaborate and support its stakeholders. The stakeholder engagement shall help in attaining the SMART objective of the company as it shall enhance the credibility (Coombs and Holladay, 2012). With greater stakeholder engagement, the organization shall be praised for sustainable business practices. With efficient business practices, the customers shall witness the companys efforts and thereby willing to make purchase from the company (O'Neill, 2011). Conclusion Conclusively, both the organizations can increase customer base by 15% through efficient products and services within a year. The business operations and processes are established globally. It is interpreted that both the organizations focus on the sustainability and securing the customers as they are the most critical part of any organization. The organization can attain its SMART goals of expanding customer base by focusing on the organizational values such as teamwork, integrity, client commitment and more. The efforts for CSR enhance reputation and credibility that helps the customers and investors in having a positive mindset towards the organization. With efficient business practices, the customers shall witness the companys efforts and thereby willing to make purchase from the company. CSL and Macquarie consider stakeholder engagement as a foundation of corporate responsibility. Therefore, the customer base can be expanded as the stakeholder engagement is positive and there ar e significant efforts for maintaining sustainability. References Coombs, W. and Holladay, S., 2012.Managing corporate social responsibility. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. Csl.com.au, 2014.CSL Limited. Our Corporate Responsibility. [online] Australia. Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/docs/865/549/OurCorporateResponsibility_2014FINAL,0.pdf [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Csl.com.au, 2016.CSL Ltd is a leader in plasma protein biotherapeutics. [online] Csl.com.au. Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/about [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Csl.com.au, 2016.Stakeholder Engagement. [online] Csl.com.au. Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/corporate-responsibility/stakeholder-engagement.htm [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Csl.com.au, 2016.The values and ethics of CSL Limited. [online] Csl.com.au. Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/about/values-ethics.htm [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Das Gupta, A., 2013.Ethics, business and society. Los Angeles: Response Books. Hunnicutt, S., 2012.Corporate social responsibility. Detroit, MI: Greenhaven Press. Husted, B. and Allen, D., 2011.Corporate social strategy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Louche, C. and Hebb, T., 2014.Socially responsible investment in the 21st century. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Macquarie.com, 2016.Community | Macquarie Group. [online] Macquarie.com. Available at: https://www.macquarie.com/in/about/community [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Macquarie.com, 2016.Company profile | Macquarie Group. [online] Macquarie.com. Available at: https://www.macquarie.com/in/about/company [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Macquarie.com, 2016.Environmental, Social Governance | Macquarie Group. [online] Macquarie.com. Available at: https://www.macquarie.com/au/about/company/environmental-social-governance-esg [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Macquarie.com, 2016.Leadership and corporate governance | Macquarie Group. [online] Macquarie.com. Available at: https://www.macquarie.com/au/about/company/leadership-corporate-governance [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. Macquarie.com.au, 2016.What we stand for - Macquarie Group. [online] Macquarie.com.au. Available at: https://www.macquarie.com.au/mgl/au/about-macquarie-group/profile/what-we-stand-for/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016]. O'Neill, J., 2011.The Power of SMART goals. Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree. Static.macquarie.com, 2016.Stakeholder engagement. Engaging stakeholders. [online] Australia. Available at: https://static.macquarie.com/dafiles/Internet/mgl/global/shared/about/company-profile/esg/stakeholder-engagement.pdf?v=7 [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

AMC 12

How to Study for the Math Olympiad AMC 10/AMC 12 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have you ever wondered what it would take to represent America at the International Math Olympiad? Or maybe you’re a strong math student who is wondering what opportunities are available to you outside the classroom? In this article, we'll answer all your Math Olympiad questions! We’ll explain what it takes to qualify for the International Math Olympiad and how to ace the qualifying tests – the AMC 10 and AMC 12. How Do You Qualify for Math Olympiad? In this section we discuss the three key steps to qualifying for Math Olympiad. Step 1: Take the AMC 10 or AMC 12 The AMC 10 and AMC 12 are nationwide tests administered by the Mathematical Association of America that qualify you for the American Invitational Mathematics Exam (AIME). Only those with top scores will be invited to take the AIME.The MAA recommends 9thand 10thgraders take the AMC 10, and thand 12thgraders take the AMC 12. You can take the AMC 10 and/or 12 multiple times. The AMC 10 and AMC 12 each have 25 questions. You have 75 minutes for the entire exam. Each correct answer is worth 6 points (for a maximum score of 150) and each unanswered question is worth 1.5 points.There is no deduction for wrong answers. Note thatyou don’t need to get all of the questions right to get a qualifying score.You just have to do better than most of the other students taking the exam! Keep that in mind as you come up with a strategy for the test. Youneed to be in the top 5% of scorers on the AMC 12 or the top 2.5% of scorerson the AMC 10to qualify, so the vast majority of people who take the AMC exams don't qualify. But, if you do, you can take the AIME. Step 2: Take the AIME The AIME is a 15-question, three-hour exam, and each answer is an integer between 0 and 999, inclusive. Regardless of whether you took the AMC 10 or AMC 12, everyone takes the same AIME. It's offered once a year (with an alternate test date available for those who can't make the official exam date) in the spring.Unlike the AMC 10 and the AMC 12, you can only take the AIME once, so you want to make sure you do your best on it. After you take the AIME, your AIME score is multiplied by ten and added to your AMC score to determine if you qualify for Math Olympiad. The cutoff score for qualifying changes yearly, but it's set so about 260-270 students qualify for Math Olympiad each year. Step 3: Qualify for and Compete in Math Olympiad If you do well on the AIME, you can qualify for the US Mathematical Olympiad. The top scorers from that competition then have the opportunity to train to be on the US team that competes at the International Math Olympiad. (You can find more info on this process over at the Mathematical Association of American website.) It’s a long process to get to the IMO, and very few students make it that far. But even just taking the AIME can set you apart in the college admissions process, especially if you are interested in engineering programs. Along with a high GPA and strong SAT/ACT scores, taking the AIME is a way to signal to colleges you have superior math and problem-solving skills. How Can You Learn Math Olympiad Content? Math through pre-calculus covers most topics tested on the AMC 10 and 12 and the AIME, but math competition problems will be trickier than what you see on your usual math homework assignments. If you’re not up to pre-calculus in school yet, your first task will be learning the content before focusing on how to solve problems that the AMC 10 and 12 tend to ask. See if there is a teacher or peer who is willing to tutor you if you haven’t taken pre-calculus. You could also see if it’s possible to take the course over the summer to get caught up quickly. In the meantime, you can explore parts of your own math textbook you haven’t gotten to yet, or ask to borrow textbooks from teachers at your school if you want to brush up on a topic not covered in the math class you’re taking this year. Also check out these online content resources from the MAA to help you study. How Can You Learn Problem-Solving Skills? The key to doing well on AMC is not just knowing math and being able to do rote problems, but to know concepts inside and out and be able to use them to solve tricky problems. Think outside the textbook. The website Art of Problem Solving is a hub for math competition resources and problems, and has been mentioned by many former AMC-takers as a top resource. They have pages on learning to solve certain types of problems, advice on the best prep books, and forums where you can talk to other AIME hopefuls about studying and strategy. This page provides links to practice problems and prep books and is a great place to get started. Our advice to study for the AMC is to do lots of practice problems, and then correct them. Carefully analyze your weaknesses. Don’t just notice what you did wrong, get inside your head and figure out why you got a problem wrong and how you will work to get it correct the next time. To improve your problem-solving ability, you can also consider borrowing or purchasing books specifically about solving math problems. Try How To Solve It by George Polya, Problem-Solving Strategies by Arthur Engel, or Challenging Problems in Algebra by Alfred Posamentier and Charles Salkind. These books will give you skills not typically taught in your math classes. How to Prepare for Math Olympiad Studying is more than just putting the time in. You want to make sure you are using the best practice problems and really analyzing your weak points to get your math skills to where they need to be. Read on to learn the six tips you need to follow to study like a pro. #1: Use Quality Practice Problems Use practice problems from past AMCs when possible. You want to prepare for the format and type of questions on the AMC. Any problem-solving practice you get will be helpful, but if you’re set on qualifying the AIME, you should spend the majority of your time prepping for AMC-type questions. If you're unclear on how to solve a problem, ask your math teacher, a math team friend, or an online forum like the one at Art of Problem Solving. The better you understand each AMC problem you encounter, the more likely you are to be prepared for the real thing. #2: Don't Lounge Around Quality practice time is key! Make sure to time yourself and simulate real test-taking conditions when doing practice problems – find a quiet room, don’t use outside resources as you test, and sit at a proper table or desk (don’t lounge in bed!). As you review problems, bring in your outside resources, from websites to problem-solving books, but remember to stay alert and focused. Don't let study time turn into naptime! #3: Focus on Your Weak Areas When studying, spend the most time focusing on your weak areas. As you work through practice problems, keep track of problems you didn’t know how to solve or concepts you’re shaky on. You can log your mistakes into a journal or notebook to help focus your studying. And don’t just log your mistakes and move on, figure out why you made those mistakes – what didn’t you know, what you assumed – and make a plan to get similar problems right in the future. #4: Beware of Tiny Mistakes Be very, very careful about small mistakes – like forgetting a negative sign, accidentally moving a decimal point, or making a basic arithmetic error. You could get the meat of a problem correct but still answer a problem wrong if you make a tiny mistake. Get in the habit of being hyper-vigilant and careful when you practice, so you don’t make these mistakes when you take the exam for real. Never assume you're too smart for a silly mistake! #5: Schedule Regular Study Time Finally, set aside dedicated time each week for studying. By practicing at least once a week, you will retain all of the skills you learn and continue to build on your knowledge. Build studying into your schedule like it’s another class or extracurricular. If you don’t, your studying could fall by the wayside and you’ll lose out on getting the amount of practice you need. #6: Attend Other Math Competitions If there is a math team or club at your school, join for the practice!Doing smaller competitions can help you learn to deal with nervesand will give you more opportunities to practice. It will also help you find a community of students with similar interests who you can study with. Also, the earlier you can start, the better. Some middle schools and even elementary schools have math clubs that expose you to tricky problem-solving questions in a way your standard math classes will not. What Should You Do the Night Before a Competition? After all your preparation, you don't want to trip at the finish line and ruin all your hard work right before the competition. Don’t do tons of studying the night before you take the AMC. By that point, you will have done all of the work you can. Focus on relaxing and getting in the right mindset for the exam. Also, make sure you get enough sleep the night before, and follow our other tips for the night before a test. Don’t waste all of your hard work studying by staying up late the night before! Finally, make sure you are set to go in the morning with transportation and directions to where you are taking the test. You don’t want to deal with a morning-of crisis! Plan to get to the exam center early in case you hit traffic or any other last-minute snags. What’s Next? Curious about the math scores it takes to get into top tech schools like MIT and CalTech? Read more about admission to engineering schools. Going for a perfect math SAT or ACT score? Get tips from our full-scorer on how to get to a perfect 800 on SAT math or a perfect 36 on ACT math. Wondering about paying for college? Check out automatic scholarships available for high ACT and SAT scores. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Apprasial Essays

Apprasial Essays Apprasial Essay Apprasial Essay Appraial Employee Training and Development in Health Care Organizations Sean Ackerman Human Resources in Health Care Organizations May 7, 2011 The growth and development of people is the highest calling of leadership Harvey Firestone, American Businessman Introduction Training is a process whereby people acquire capabilities to aid in the achievement of personal and organizational goals. In the healthcare industry, employee training and development is multifaceted and complex. It must address state and federally mandated regulation requirements, organizational objectives and needs, and leadership development. This must all be delivered and documented in an organized and consistent fashion. In the simplest of terms, the training process is tied to a variety of organizational purposes and can be viewed in terms of immediate need and/or long-term objectives.5 Context In the limited perspective, training provides employees with specific, identifiable knowledge and skills for use on their current job. This type of training can present in many forms; from a newly hired employee who needs orientation to department and/or hospital operations, to introducing a new concept in technology or a new computer system to the entire organization. Whatever the reason for conducting a training session, it is important for a company to develop a comprehensive, on-going and consistent training program. This training process is essential in keeping staff motivated about learning new concepts and keeping the organization profitable. Leadership development is broader in scope and focuses on providing individuals with the opportunity to gain new capabilities useful for both current and future jobs. Developing leadership skills in current employees benefits both the organization and the individual. Experienced and knowledgeable employees and managers enhance organizational competitiveness and strengthen the organizationâ„ ¢s ability to adapt to a changing environment. In this development process, individual careers may evolve and gain new or redirected focus.2 A crucial component of leadership development is succession planning; a process of identifying a longer term plan for replacement of key employees. This is a complex process in terms of implementation. However, successful implementation of this process impacts the strength of a department as a whole. The manager that has this plan in place demonstrates strong leadership skills.5 Research Findings Analysis In the United States of America, employers currently spend approximately $60 billion annually on training. For the average employer, training expenditures run at least 1.5% to 2% of payroll expenses and average $677 per eligible employee according to a study by the American Society for Training and Development. Historically, health care organizations have lagged behind in training expenditures in comparison to organizations in other industries but training in health care organizations has evolved significantly over the past decade. There is the growing recognition by employees that training is vital to their personal growth and continued employment and success. As part of strategic competitiveness, employees whose capabilities stay current and who receive regular training are better able to cope with the challenges and changes occurring in health care. Additionally, the training process provides management with the opportunity to assess the skills and abilities of the employees and to identify potential future organization leaders.5 Training in health care organizations is offered in both non-clinical and clinical areas and is delivered via a variety of avenues. In the non-clinical area, health care training includes fire safety, sexual harassment prevention, corporate responsibility, patient safety, customer service skills, quality improvement, diversity awareness, and personal computer courses. The cost of this training is offset by increased revenue as a result of enhanced employee knowledge and skills. For example, a customer service skills training session can provide an organization with high patient satisfaction scores. These high scores directly equate to increased patient volumes and revenue.8 In the clinical area, the accreditation process for the health care industry drives the need for training in organizations. Health care organizations are legally mandated to provide consistent training to ensure that high quality medical care and safety is delivered to all patients. While medically licensed personnel employed by health care organizations, including physicians, nurses and technologists must meet annual continuing medical education requirements to maintain state licensure.8 Health care organizations in the 21st century face continuing challenges in meeting the performance expectations of critical stock holders including consumers, payers, regulators, and other providers. As the baby boomer generation ages, bringing high expectations and increased service volumes to the health care system, a new and overwhelming labor shortage is likely to emerge. Demand for top talent is intense and individuals will choose organizations that afford them meaningful opportunities for growth and development. Results of a survey by the Health Management Academy of Executive Leaders in Health Care and Fortune 500 Companies show a clear consensus that strong leadership is the key to organizational success. Only 41% of health care executives were satisfied with the strength of their current leadership development programs.11 Of additional concern to the health care industry are the results of a study by the Advisory Board which predict a 15% drop in the health care leadership pool over the next several years. To meet these challenges, leading health care organizations are designing and executing leadership development initiatives to lay the foundation for sustained long-term organizational growth and success.7 As with routine annual training, employee development begins with analysis of the needs of both the organization and individuals. Both the organization and the individual employee should assess the employeeâ„ ¢s needs by way of development. The goal in assessment is always to identify strengths and weaknesses. Methods brought into play by organizations to assess development needs can include the use of assessment centers, psychological testing, and performance appraisals. Evidence indicates that analysis of the individualâ„ ¢s development requirements frequently receives insufficient attention in many organizations. Leaders are also expected to demonstrate alignment and energy relative to mission, vision, values and the organizationâ„ ¢s culture and strategic priorities. Effective leadership development programs would include significant emphasis on values integration and communication.11 Technology The amount of each type of training, short-term and long-term, performed varies by organizations and depends on strategic planning, resources, and needs identified within the organization. Once the training plan has been designed, the actual delivery of that training can begin. Initially, the training process should be piloted on a trial basis in order to ensure that the training does indeed meet the identified needs and that the design is appropriate. Approaches and methods of training available vary and when ever-changing and improving technology enters the equation, the choices expand almost daily. Various considerations need to be balanced when selecting training approaches and methods. Some common variables are the nature of the training, subject matter, number of trainees, self-paced versus guided instruction, costs, time allotment, and completion timeline. The delivery of training in the health care system includes on-the-job preceptorship by a supervisor or another proficient employee, in service education on new products, policies and processes, continuing education classes, and training workshops or seminars.5 New technologies are being incorporated into training delivery, design, administration, and support. Health care organizations are investing in electronic registration and recordkeeping systems that allow trainees to register, participate in and record exam results for assigned training. The organization is then able to monitor learning progress. To support training, there are computer applications providing training known as electronic performance support systems. Organizations that utilize computer based programs have required training available for employees at all times. Various reports can be run from these computer based systems, making the information readily available for any accreditation organization inquiring about training for employees that has been performed.5 In the future, as learning and work continue to merge, technology will become seamlessly integrated into the employeesâ„ ¢ work environment. The Importance of Leadership Development The benefits of a comprehensive leadership development program can be represented along a continuum spanning from the individual employee only, through the employee plus the organization and ending with the organization only as illustrated below. Unfortunately, too few companies are committed to employee development.7 LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM BENEFITS CONTINUUM Employee Employee + Employer Employer ^ skills boosts morale v employee turn-over ^ knowledge clear company vision ^ productivity ^ job satisfaction ^ motivation fosters new ideas ^ compensation ^ trust prime market position ^ marketing for new hires Through corporate training programs, the individual employee is able to acquire new skills and knowledge, as well as, increase their qualifications and ultimately enhance their overall job satisfaction. Obviously, staff development is an expense but companies fully committed to providing continuous opportunities for employee learning, growth and development generate returns on their investments in terms of increased employee initiative, motivation, trust, and reduced turn over. Companies benefit just as much as the employees from investment in training and education, particularly in terms of having a recruiting edge for the most qualified job candidates. When employee development is performed strategically, a partnership develops among training and development professionals generating greater clarity and agreement among employers and their managers as to business direction, goals and priorities. As a diagnostic tool, development planning allows for the ability of employees to articulate, with precision, the business goals of the organization and the increased value to the business as a result of completion of training programs. I have personally experienced leadership development in my organization. I began my career many years ago with no particular goals in mind. As years went by, I realized I was on a track towards being a leader. The executive team had implemented a talent in sight program for managers and I had been identified as an employee with the ability to move ahead in the organization. Even though I have the ability to be a strong leader, my formal education is not on target with the goal. The CEO has strongly encouraged me to continue my formal education, so that future opportunities within the organization will be available to me. As it turns out, returning to college to receive my degree was one of my better decisions. Thankfully, I work in an organization where leadership development is a priority. Development of Leaders There are many elements for creating the best possible learning experiences for leaders, including the fundamental principals that inform our leadership development efforts and the most effective learning methods.10 Trust and personal credibility form the foundation for leadership. They should also form the foundation of leadership development. Successful leaders must be able to build and sustain trusting relationships with a highly diverse group of people. Intensive training in interpersonal skills is fundamental to every successful leadership effort. Trust and leadership abilities cannot be built over the internet. Leadership is a relationship between human beings and if successful leaders are to be developed, they must be brought together in one room.10 One of the most valuable ways to build trust and to assist the leader in getting a rounded view is to provide 360 degree feed back. This is the single most valuable tool to provide leaders with a realistic agenda for development. Forward-looking is the one attribute that differentiates leaders from other credible people. Constituents want their leaders to have a vision of the future, to know where they are heading. A respectable business cannot be built without predicting the stumbling blocks that can occur down the road. Proactivity is the key to successful leaders. Leadership development should be offered to all employees. Leaders can come from anywhere and must come from everywhere. Everyone who wants to lead must have a plan for her or his own development and take charge of executing that plan. Potential leaders need to be encouraged to get clarity about their strengths and weaknesses. The desire for learning can be inspired, but it must be nurtured continuously. Coaching is critical to that process.5 Conclusion Basic economic resource ¦.is no longer capital, nor natural resources ¦.nor labor. It is and will be knowledge. 4 There is no question that continued learning has merit. However, blinded by cost issues, some organizations forfeit guaranteed return on investment by not implementing a consistent training program for employees. Unfortunately, some learning takes place only after we acknowledge our mistakes and faults.9 Health care organizations are being subjected to ongoing changes in technology and consumer interests and preferences. Learning capabilities help organizations adapt to the ongoing changes. Focusing on training and development is making an investment in the organizationâ„ ¢s future. True success comes from emphasizing both short term operational considerations and long term developmental ones. Health care leaders must creatively meet the demands of these complementary priorities. References 1 Baptist Health Care: Where Staff Retention Drives Patient Satisfaction, A Case Study of the UCSF Center for the Health Professions from cpp.com. 2 Bring Out the Leader in Each, from allbusiness.com 3 Bolstering Staff Soft Skills Helps Hospital Face Major Challenges, A Case Study of St. Lukeâ„ ¢s Hospital and Health Network from cpp.com. 4 Druker, Peter (1993) Capitalist Society. HarperCollins, New York, NY. 5 Flynn, Walter J, Robert L. Mathis, John H. Jackson, Patrick J. Langan (2007) Healthcare Human Resource Management, Second Edition. South-Western Cengage Learning, OH USA. 6 allbusiness.com 7 Oâ„ ¢Toole, James, Edward E. Lawler III (2006) The New American Workplace. Palgrave MacMillan, New York, NY. 8 Smith, Shawn, JD, Rebecca Mazin (2004) The HR Answer Book. AMACOM, NY USA. 9 Spath, Patrice L. (2007) Guide to Effective Staff Development in Health Care Organizations: A Systems Approach to Successful Training. 10 Ukens, Lorraine L. (2001) What Smart Trainers Know, The Secrets of Success from the Worldâ„ ¢s Foremost Experts. Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer, San Francisco CA. 11 Wells, Wendy, William Hejna (2009) Developing Leadership Talent in Healthcare Organizations: There are five key areas in which healthcare organizations can better foster the development of strong leaders among their employees. Healthcare Financial Management, from http://findartticles.com. Cascio, W. (2010). Managing human resources: productivity, quality of work life, profits. United States of America: McGraw-Hill. ?   Colquitt, J, Lepine, J, Wesson, M. (2011). Improving performance and commitment in the workplace. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case Analysis - Essay Example As I read the case study I remembered some writings on sexuality, porn debates and mass media messages for young people I had read not long before. Certainly, CK advertising wasn’t ethical. Yet, I felt it can be named ‘normal’ for our society. The problem with that advertising campaign was about the controversies in the society itself. To understand the situation it is necessary to examine social attitudes and perceptions of sexuality and porn, which must have been necessary prerequisites for the ads release. It is necessary to take into account the historical background and social processes of that time. In fact, CK’s advertising has always been provocative and revealing. The company’s target market consists of teenagers, young people under 30, and those, who want to be sexually attractive and stylish. As far as I remember, I have always associated CK with rather shocking unreserved sexual appeal. It has become their brand image. The company usually uses very young models, whose postures and gestures reveal splashing-out sexuality. Their advertising is rather pedophilic and gay-appealing. Each time, as you see their ads, you feel slightly shocked. Sex is marked as dirty and evil in our society. It is not decent to speak of sex. It is not customary to reveal you sexual desires. Frank expression of one’s sexuality is viewed as unethical and improper. Especially, if sexuality is untraditional or teenage. The debates around pornography are still hot. In times of CK’s campaign they were at their peak. The war on porn started in 1980s guided by feminists Andrea Dworkin, Susan Brownmiller and Gloria Steinem. Church joined in. The anti-porn campaign was so aggressive that another feminist wing even started to oppose the anti-porn movement. Dworkin’s famous Pornography: Men Possessing Women was met with a mixture of trepidation and inner protest and anger. Many women were caught into double bind: they felt that watching pornography was